Študija: Ni vsa ultraprocesirana hrana enako škodljiva

V zadnjih treh desetletjih se je obseg prehranskih študij izjemno povečal, posebno pozornost pa so raziskovalci namenili ultraprocesirani hrani. Nova študija, ki jo je vodil dr. Mingyang Song, izredni profesor klinične epidemiologije in prehrane na šoli javnega zdravja TH Chan na Harvardu, razkriva povezavo med uživanjem ultraprocesirane hrane in zgodnjim tveganjem smrti. Raziskava, objavljena v prestižni reviji The BMJ, temelji na analizi podatkov več kot 100.000 zdravstvenih delavcev v ZDA, ki od leta 1986 redno izpolnjujejo podrobne vprašalnike o svojih prehranjevalnih navadah.

Ključna ugotovitev: Ni vsa ultraprocesirana hrana enako škodljiva

Raziskava je ugotovila, da posamezniki, ki so redno uživali ultraprocesirano hrano, niso vsi izpostavljeni enakemu tveganju. “Naše ugotovitve kažejo, da uživanje največ ultraprocesirane hrane poveča tveganje za smrt za 4 odstotke, zlasti zaradi nevrodegenerativnih bolezni, kjer je tveganje povečano za 9 odstotkov,” pojasnjuje dr. Song. Kljub temu opozarja, da so nekatere podskupine ultraprocesirane hrane, kot so polnozrnata žita, bogata s koristnimi hranili, kot so vlaknine, vitamini in minerali, kar dokazuje, da vse ultraprocesirane hrane ne smemo metati v isti koš.

Dr. Marion Nestle, zaslužna profesorica na Univerzi v New Yorku, izpostavlja, da je študija edinstvena zaradi svojega pristopa k razčlenjevanju različnih vrst ultraprocesirane hrane. “To nam omogoča boljše razumevanje, katere vrste hrane so še posebej problematične,” pravi. Izpostavlja, da je prehrana, ki vključuje predelano meso in sladkane pijače, povezana z večjim tveganjem, medtem ko polnozrnati izdelki lahko celo prispevajo k boljšemu zdravju.

Dr. Peter Wilde iz Quadram Institute Bioscience opozarja na omejitve opazovalne narave študije. “Čeprav lahko ugotovimo korelacijo, to še ne pomeni vzročnosti,” pravi dr. Wilde. To pomeni, da čeprav lahko raziskovalci zaznajo povezavo med določeno hrano in zdravstvenimi izidi, ne morejo zagotovo trditi, da je hrana vzrok za smrt.

Uravnotežene prehrana

Najpomembnejše sporočilo, ki ga prinaša študija, je pomen celostne prehrane. “Če ljudje ohranjajo splošno zdravo prehrano, ni potrebe po preplahu,” poudarja dr. Song. Raziskovalci so ugotovili, da kakovost celotne prehrane igra bistveno vlogo pri zmanjševanju tveganja za smrt. Prehrana, bogata s pisanim sadjem in zelenjavo ter polnozrnatimi žitaricami, ostaja najboljša izbira za vzdrževanje dobrega zdravja.

Dr. Wilde prav tako opominja, da moramo biti pri izbiri hrane previdni. “Izogibajte se hrani z visoko vsebnostjo aditivov in bodite pozorni na prehransko vsebnost,” svetuje. Sadni sokovi, na primer, so koristni, če so zaužiti zmerno, vendar njihova prekomerna količina lahko zaradi visoke vsebnosti sladkorja škoduje.

[Vir: CNN]; Portal24; Foto: Freepik

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